ࡱ> ~c jbjbSS Z,11_]$<<<<PD<^,  II@@H mܵ<<EVOLUTION OF MAGMAS FRACTIONATION & FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION Systematic Variations in Chemical Composition Result from Crystalliztion of Observed Minerals Fractional Crystallization Trend of Liquid in composition space called liquid line of descent. Example: MgO content in the parent basalt (< 10% MgO) Removal of Olivine (50% MgO) and Augite (14% MgO) lowers MgO in resulting magma. Parent Basalt  - 5% olivine- 8% augite = DaughterBasalt 10% MgO- 0.05*50% MgO = 2.5% - 0.08*14% MgO = 1.1% = (10-2.5-1.1)/.87 = 7.33% MgO  PHASE RULE and BINARY PHASE DIAGRAMS DEFINITIONS System = isolated part of Universe. >> Open to energy exchange >> Closed to matter exchange (usually) Components = Minimum number of chemically district species needed to describe system. Phase = Chemically and physically distinct part of system. Liquidus = In T-X space, represents maximum solubility of solid in liquid. Liquid only above, solid + liquid below. Solidus = Solid-only below, liquid + solid above. Eutectic = Mixture of phases with lowest possible melting point for those components. Refers both to the Eutectic Composition and to the Eutectic Temperature. PHASE RULE of J. WILLARD GIBBS F = c - p + 2 Closed system at equilibrium F = Variance or degrees of freedom, equals number of intensive variables needed to constrain system (T, P, or composition X). c = Components p = Phases 2 = Temperature and Pressure Condensed phase rule = isobaric or isothermal F = c - p + 1 (P or T fixed) Unary Systems = 1 Component (e.g., SiO2)  c = 1 p = 1 F = 1-1+2 = 2 T and P both can vary, Divariant c = 1 p = 2 F = 1-2+2 = 1 T or P can vary, Univariant c = 1 p = 3 F = 1-3+2 = 0 T and P both Fixed, Invariant BINARY SOLID SOLUTIONS Olivine (Forsterite-Fayalite) and Plagioclase (Anorthite-Albite)  COMPOSITIONS read DIRECTLY off the BOTTOM scale on Diagram (%An). >> ISOPLETH = Constant Composition PROPORTIONS Calculated from LEVER RULE %xtls = (100 * ab)/ac % liq = (100 * bc)/ac Equilibrium Crystallization: Final Plagioclase = Bulk Composition Fractional Crystallization: Liquid and Plagioclase both evolve to compositions more sodic (Na-rich) than bulk composition of system. SIMPLE BINARY EUTECTIC WITH NO Solid Solution  Example: Diopside-Anorthite system (A = Diopside, B = Anorthite). Compositions from bottom of diagram %A or %B (Both Crystals and Liquid) PROPORTIONS FROM LEVER RULE: %xtls = (100 * a)/(a+b) % liquid = (100 * b)/(a+b) Equilibrium crystallization = Fractional crystallization >> Liquid Follows Continuous Path >> Crystal Compositions Jump But Equilibrium melting NOT = Fractional melting Equilibrium melting: >> Liquid, Crystals Follows Continuous Path Fractional melting: >> Crystals Follows Continuous Path >> Liquid Compositions Jump PERITECTIC SYSTEMS  Example: System Forsterite-SiO2 (A=Forsterite, B=SiO2, AB=Enstatite) R = Reaction Point or Peritectic Phase Rule at Peritectic: F= 2-3+1= 0 Invariant EQUILIBRIUM CRYSTALLIZATION: BC X : Ol+L, Ol+En+L (at Peritectic), Stop at Peritectic (Final= Ol+En) BC Y : Ol+L, Ol+En+L (at Peritectic), En+L, En+SiO2 (at Eutectic) How do we know which final assemblage? >> If Bulk Comp to Left of AB, Final Assemblage Must = A + AB. >> If Bulk Comp to Right of AB, Final Assemblage Must = AB + B. FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION: BOTH BC X & BC Y: OL+L --> EN+L (at Peritectic) --> En+SiO2+L (Eutectic) WHY ?? NO olivine to react with liquid during fractional crystallization. {5Z\gio,1iq   > P Q    4 } ~ H f  D E F <FHd_`cdgOJQJ jUj{OJQJUj=]OJQJUj,,OJQJUjOJQJU 6OJQJOJQJ 5OJQJIBCuI1$dxx$ !1$dxx$ @81$d @81$hdh @8 1$d @8$1$d @8BCuI %23456[\hi+,hi    N O P R S T U    5 6 }    , - G H      a %23456[\hi\1$d @8@  $1$d @8@   1$d @8$$P4  ?^~$1$dxx$ @8+,hi  $1$d @8@  $1$d @8@  1$d @8@     N O P R S T U    5 6 }  1$d @8@     , - G H   D E G H I 7$1$d !@  $1$d @8@  1$d @8@   D E G H I 78q02GlGHgh$%e]^_cefH78q02GlGHg$1$d @8@  1$d @8@  gh$%e]^_abce $&*@$1$d @8@  $1$d @8@  1$d @8@  efg1$d @8@   $ @8 $&*@ d @8OJQJ jUOJQJjOJQJU/0@P/ =!"#$%'0hP/ =!"#$%ϾUmvanxemhst~|ҺθΡ״尩toSannb_gmjpv韑9ag{ojcrv_vjK]Tobes\dfwfqyy)@u۶LpC];TAKIU_^gfmkw}IvzuynVqfoyiuquw}֦Ŗלwswkj}`s`XYUx`es%Ưٻ~vD,,Dd|N  s *AB+jGf,ȿFif+D T^+jGf,ȿFi%lN0JN@,+xZ[u===Z5{(ȢF#XpG@$6bH>[HlYk=-zq)֟@ C2%Ŗ"eJH1$wgrnUkv0_"::]]uV|z׍Ƌw7ɠ طǪ45'?z;G8(~/0zeN_P_M>_gWW]m)5ykDE]w޳Ju~6'/Se?'~P?PZ"r[hʯv=̿k+_ lW7.Ml&z`C6_eq׼xY,O M 6˲+˓YYpj+>cFJ]ts[6335Uշ#*UИQGD4^ Jܗul { =Cܧo|D{܁v=Wv0M`=U<6Ҟa\`XYXρhQnG"~Y)#H ~y|(}Ju!KϥN 4}׀M+|ro` mh+Y}U(jGp]:UP|̃ l=:cnE%$h8]/D]=@7kL!iP,In4,Svω[DsD("9Qy g[(T5ϝlGu_ɓt2鏥k]Ctm##hN{ҳ5\G]˔}Tn*|a3-E\'[E=U/Tc_WB>ujLٶHP tUVCNrXSv;e;([ i+Y2f o-iˬI.`JcBsE 郲ȞxNKV#[w)Opb=:U܊`9"L gxOwcƻ]1휣K/)i?O`tq:<%X Ufj \ߨ$84s M/`_A-/9c;GS2=[ fH<0**LQkQ 3;DWqpgu<)v]Xv&{I¢d?rQ@mhzN`mFzb cN,*j/>xWkjpg:9S]i::P!ޕE)˱zZ2NhR0n}ǥwK^iJՎa+3ou%!XLlz: z̬t r_V \L!p?Rgml^D5(݃ d"2lsiRS{  H B@ j %L+-IH~@Y| j+gtJ8> pUly$ꝢیfZn A^PTLH}ON46_U-TLI*S2ZgedDELt եLFOqd PR2Uxi2s)24adRylvH"2*cC*2 eGښ@;2 a|))f2x2G)-)߷» ‹d:4XW}]Y}3.Xo"ݚ4ttn]`[>O̔El#){6\ ΘQADfh(qPH(M|Z4aJʋ# 1tYT+`dJJX84)lێ:sHw ׄhv5iOo&D&+|ס9mDF& ssN솴On{cό<+ gH҉y K&;IFċ9[p_;4I/I!V>7(Rt):9UO}œ\t3#5%p6D&l`EPfW9Yk|_L[,'bc}n.y|ql4K^9W=\ZeC%ebk*490YB{8sR> <\h-QG֗Mlk͐D7e~֦mEr?#р; af?e| r55ujԡK7pDyioY DEv|֩PڧFM-ӣ25[L@9ܧIڂ5)UX!'w{׮{1{=m+Z/N}$WZ Uf^,F{閊@Lp0%;W:#)I`5$#)V9E>&gJyP{k+^Oy9JjHwpoQ,^^Y#dhF>=lyM^^$ ykʿOHPcw-Ť$O$s?aOa>A@d^zOxLmmfo'𶖥c ;⾚bCXez6Ҵ,9"+onVZny ir/08BFĘ.pDqXcwGtAsJc,`N.5C⼱Ӣ~o׮4n  g.O)Y Ycm؏h,ݦa,mn;y݈ovI{HooKzq9FW*d1=E}9)t XȮWGJ<Ś7=m^?ޝ.gZfs>j ΰyeϺ|4+—Kˋxҍof"rӝ`⬡P Q$ZE<iL k Md@JriN"洳E-KEXs@qs(N'Riޱ1.i4bZ%>E &h)6ks%a8%:Vo&o:A\(S`yz HJ 3Z28 w%.9.yڱƎ%;]KK|V1&Cy 6͒6i2-4^JZf IKf(8^y PѤ1]<*,a|g$2mFl6s]  I5_bSJ)3PDSRMÎiJV94< RyF@| :F,EUڱR) N:yEkvOFô蒊6Tw~f0-Ѵ*} C!TzEq[1wuȜ; *9&߁;=W-2Yѧ@ﲷ*bFLִeZc5",KueFDo-EYy6e+n7tJRrzP rFVMMXc$JCi|S$SV#bOq2;6Chwosy6NXUY3+Fސ[Wt hgXB׫aqyڴ|-% jYXq">hhQ6CտvDdyNK BLau:FI h>+Z5]V zҸ=&gA/ =Y\*&B/hLi=wM|"% 4dĒ!iI =%V몣 )H4" ir yUnJɝo $IuP:Ic))mtےi~E'q*:z3Y?Hba-|d֪rPz;CA[rV)qׂ=u*ܤ`,)jj"U! Dvj|7|ϼUJ]2ta%QڎeP)aeѷtI-RCcu&ykjGs(uFQ"}^UU1 U!)w {M=i2сbZI A'x|St 7KSL,QcdSEG_)ƬB8wq"P-TCXP-j=TWKt;ȡ$Sϐ?߲Ow,*!x?-xfx!x &P{'V9{G3>'OGn:)rP[cFڎ;.2@ W Ե(Z hqi,K$rlKsʒVLwcfN_ XҜ.yyy{9>;Ћ5@9^yȄܥ^S_hp>n@_/KG=.Ԏwaݐc}w?]o-T]qJ:E'zL*V0dq`* \1~oa8Eƒr݈hx[uNV%8m GW%>[E?5 FwoEԬT.ռѐnS="6xTH{ɡ@o47ˎd mO%"ahY+,v%kp$ഈAh)f+r BF!ԋe4:O\=^=Ye0V@־صS d9ӗ%z_yCԏJ.>\Y!KX"؏aB@'ӵHm >PJC\)TjJؒRQE! tuaBwX}ҷQZ*4> R dZ }IOQyju4B>ŞJ bycu~ԛ,2J!!wE|kvtb[]̔M[csu ̋˶+SM(Dk()Jaf&+ k9qQ`Ne=EiamLAƆ lh{0ٛ`Ȉ'6 ]A3M_a{C4 uV}F${md/4Y]66QgA][ J<6yVPGpYKuVo>aEXߡg)&D<U$YWEDI@O(jnk^ PӉ,,JO<.]' 'eB|"!?3FG\O2]jOoGg]1\WFOyóVeF]EC]b#Wjq^GU\!@txvA֥Fo]r&uN_0ܐڕ 5栭'k}ɻBu]ң_-niǫȾ'{b8"q]:)߲ %\7j}D\!jB̋e k!Oܓe٦fԇ]>Nd_̈4y1SRM=0yI.vtU,!62|܌ p\䶀>emkSr-3om7?bU3Hbym$|CXbE y ZvEJ[g,(zeT'`2e: dQF4U$g=T%ٸ0y֎dBUoh2P}y!%L/}RT g$\_`X ]S)5~qv,mZI f>{Kv}4 ׀p]6h|p$ %]_)O38nD6KO4Y[ f9?rNfq5"53PjY.#o%eȾ^? x*yYT RN6 qx[rKY E [!DP<4#su]Є^ِ5qd+ Q)@3Q*801 Mծʙ"ƣ !v+lbXƢم11dCt K vy`SÎ!g .ޖemy&+* jvJN 1ЛHT A1M7-b7ep|^kaӱj_һ`10?_1KBHQ;97OFfK~$ʶ0|xl#$&]) [nlQns]aZs7 ϙ;pZҌ!#%1r`tZsd̰EC`K.*ʑiS1UΥn[9 7TԴ2|eJy>SF pgevZ㒐Rڴ?5p%V z ±J tx}Legrw@vg@%F>v*e'gTcn3-gq*睡ѫϼCٴH`}`$H:.[gP-^m5c=?*բ3Hh@Y ͔1>ꐞgQ~LBF#Uhq| pmF%SqE|0VŇsؠcx;a|IjMlx!+EP(^%9#; aw)ef?ӒӒ͘m}ƕ cr! "-yjZ¯?*1F&^MO[ѽ ?)l#\|Z~[8:-=!H^Pwk˨mC(5Ǧ3X~;%< _%H b'bjH[%$Ys-:,  NRV$Z Xh,;E'm݄=-_ͮ@vu?E4HV A +) Bu WuU34&Bw-{fq0aAK3`3רnܶ;jw,tgn\83B hENg5N#- 0;"s_Ņ@3 /[,"U1}|ӖDk^tiSe{RB㴩V9! Gr=#<ɩ84b8=r-CU%rd+%rae\p<)khdEl5lc2*H >FzF%v)uI nD;1j3ʙшp&/Yyܓ0SxNPgcŮH. i; -Ilp\ jFf\!}sVcZJxZy_cZG#vU3I6si%3Cyees21;xLpp^ZwRYSfrrr~{ SUW5/뇚Gg4{CC 1 #6,xN nZBT$T/E|5r0aqa۰ ~%'طc이O3"[],=@",nyiIXgfGP +6줴7QDz8}TԤ?PPBq ݟLz4=BCGa6?*#*|\4uF4im?H>az|q(e{Xe vZ[ܬjO v *WVM9}ȓpZJ!?|p̡I t.z(Bάц&j4r3zKU3]g6MuኪL@p @귪{㟱` *͌蠶lgzP[PvrP^(PSY97 0U>wM6g+q[c9 NV "gmѪ)qqNh+!lN0?ld0=hϨ?MZ;FôhOuD5| _̰4ff4nf̛/'4m'Gr`$PmE\h6 ?{Qێ0!H66؉T vw˫B"`>CM,ܧpy`3*̀x쏛>˗eH\) Fq_z;$ FB=cR3|8v13b37ќa3{/obdE u(-˼@LV`șÔ]g%o;+;EC57n xqߕ+Ip MuE͸4=6jxt0ܪ9cIY=il{čn؁ ;.fl6?h  GIA8b/YC[h#zPUR`s| lĘu([&b$v)ɾ\OHkFmDm"{ȲR&c\oߨvCbR%̙^E(u- `h8겑e=~4mHUYn3`[VI>;JZJo\(͕>E~ilS\7XZE&}A=@idiv4Anft di"tntP*-nJ8tx4#&v PȂ4W`P;JĠ"2Lcs  ew9N_GϤי$$, xPhyGBHH< lr_F ] `w&!lf2d~}=.sngQg|ߩs9COT{_/ESԋSTVsOtAWfR&x S5w*o}̪j_4f9)8MؠE:"[4' ?!T7U,ۣ!ѴOa>Is@FdgԤq{fD+45z˧u6oRs]w1c:Cڤ0aSsM.s[m߼]<$cgT^tDe3*1smzsdSoZ>; ަJo_8'z{l T;4=uw &}VX_:QyL:)צ:*6iSז$)PuX)#|7ç8ʮ.7Ή/{ŮWϼ:D)^ş&ϜPMYGMUL㍍6T\ ~ÑZs[wdVk;kEu'G5"tEtةAc|œ!p/j ^q?kj2v䲏P -Uոj RQwB5Uljm8J8j~S2\؂[eUUQTv}Iw%y$Qr*qz%*g ~d5?Z ]'U<8'q$АjAW?,?hN)xiч1oMCskz>?>?CT~0o̱WT? &=>ԳnXNn"kj48Fj0&,u 3&OtDO|L$μ\Ŭ琣.P[pĶ8k/Q# +~B X2J4Yҋ!];$Cڗ)gz :( ~%aueݪRKn(&ZWB(zԸDd<@zMi0DO!}f&Vǩ'>C,J`b̥tCArF70J p& `3. + JL>MdfmgDoA* j& e9i"-#.R`"] yU)JJ_MOFW{',jW!3-e ԕ,\#D4&ˁmj11=*1*+q(Fj'>=.6IȌvxTjp.1pkD$1gpa9fTI`=U΅_2 3/ F1b0! Dń=:EN̷op\l+Ϭ[ 0-x(ޑ pj H9)H%c `P8@Y-*` P(**nݛ+.OT :-Lp7٣bGDbӘ]h+xKĎ5 _|SG9+dV[X)5gDiz$}wـ:.xmR2UCVse7ZymC+ :K.>~]gˢ$U*=Qhׁ)]h|)hͩ}Z#O(1etsQB'R@)CPSVv7L Zr ڹ(GDp(P {a/AИ'Z$wcNJ" lvse+@\I]ܓ ݁^]A!*`W$+dZ| p-_7̠FrbM+q_$K+V7D w.]acSgqS(5SF/M~U!F YPP/dmVt6mK^}aMIXJ I{Q*{UXQ)nbnyAb6@[@T\&{'k("nk` $뒹h; 1 E)ثs؝h2@%2; ?\Ifq ^z(]eIRN+C++ÿVXpYS2Q&!ɕ\@* >_'UYe@Va3i>`5sEY anOHem?#AJ"L]]9x|)H }x$Hi2617%{j1/iElXO8 c~`s:҈wcRM UR~ݧ-og4J!AX)1, &1&/Ƙ iqd&qisR!mf8/I ])+7~֋!Y  |0[C6F8J0Q "afEhX8Fu]?؃sc4Hj չa؟֌q!Nox?>_ {lōv5 mW~v^DÈ3[GnopKђ'ȏ)mWO܏Hmq?sVB1 GX6Yu qYo~bYEjV߷ΛYuo1ېUM{CېUmxϦ1U]ap"nMJㄍتZ6T* [1vH =t/T[FLj9*Z p+x2zС@3OX$Qm=ڒU!zp+ qrg37= ˞=7H6: M10^E_Q>:ͯ6ڸ.8*lK8?#i p 8'xy ! 8#|?G3rk$=We@Kefl{ٻvƿ1JJs%4l%Zv]3 F ܔ*EӶ))O(8ETG#<>"%ƈ0+"?@C870K5cPLEt.T֠0q9v!=9\^vZiP~g;-C2 TQ$ȳ@#MQH<(>xh8?pes{FKD SLNa;/!\%%*/f4LQ&%ͭNO00xZMMXP/ eCAqu! ?),(Uez S?)GQ(;뀦A F)~mk jvS>Y&u0ֈ')g+6::RjդTX =ՆgEOTg yf´sEx:Uz N⚿ڻޣN^~RWet[74ο3 iUd9czf%E\DS$kp^(P[!qטķF[Y U iz'|BR}mԭ\ Q{0s;X1*=h |.ANWG-O"R9#C>@ԬU[+a6#4(/ ~X%|( Ypr0#+3-32*\&]9>QpV]shw.nTVBw'=9`eS[Y`#kW0%T=ddР]-"Y뿰bZ }Pm!KU%~K)!n p$pҥq);QY3// 7VEU'ON Uv/..?ıɝD\"bjY)h6Vi$/5Dks!e8 ~a59WR⣀ƼIR\Wjv^hF`K~!F|[!#:5splBH$l].VȦ6v@l.,5~?Dzev6\ɤn|YG/Ktje ŝlJhk:s*#T^2n P!z@4ϑ$U!wU~ (AAZj 7ڭР:T C(~Z<"4کk(JYR)_(~SVdxIVDC2jPMK.A[<f %ڧٛ@zf'][喸UQ%3Ϝ-XGL04Ngpe>B.ɦ"9C/NjUlNV\^X1zӢӊ͞*SNx;ͪ-{Xauq,j9i,*lj0X$uMZO :V]1|ùwZw_w';8p#(:M`pE Lטs|RUmy Pl΋N >< J8(ٻYX4d)F4!\y'1XёŘ O/Rܨ bG.vBαh!X:EؑmZh`lFGFTiAz2 }+q>\p2T$8p=Rr4o;>+A?ಮh[=:'DC%TTg.ظG.Sf":ԕhT   #JF0m<[AdJGLPd'& P 蠣<` )^#B1؁c dT 7])BRȰ$' Z uV{BH5.UC}{!#b/%/2f~Pm ,Ȧ VtTAD9Y^Z !RHZؕ=~T>G]E:8G/^>"ȊѲO>~C!GT+I{x\r;\E (eYv LA%0)a9uD]fh(x7/J3 +?ڶN 7 C*lӻ%#?V?Ui/ (˺vĕ ҶD'dw٢ |G RI- #'K,I olLNɮeS "*Hb "]D]65VSI vY%[MS7wJo6i襻D:Yac- u Jf "lTf(4 ,PS [)܎]"?~2/@샕$ye =&1,`k־'A+ !ޕmdb;nYȥ¹ympl֙$y@ZӒ_]]D2ҝ qs7TdvZ';%a|x++J_k؆$LV_dV0tS5$rξCJ"aW*&aDp Zo3tqC Cٿ!AZ }Yo 0_.[7_ ΃ͯ6m|}T27Iyy'XG\15@N\&wTd9\фF8:,mt:v)eo>a-}.>');u/ߐ6gߴ0.J.BW rcEݯi}A_*.&SY6쒮kҸ8YQ/YױwئȑMxrL%"̝KY &18@)m)DW]8vȯoF寛u_'xh|ݝrT8ݩn. (SrnLho w`Aq]Mwjkݛi6帩+ue>g)Xʩ;שI`m){;2IXofMN0-N"5w^}+F1-!8ǁaaE9+EKXĪ+feMΦH.r rwdk²w:oq9 fߘx+m?˫WQŘa֖B a@0 mH\roѾ\.NS_/a*K G_66atd$\e 2%]_X1=\[kv{1)G*ۦZ wcXm#spɋo}-?Z@[Zb2f>Ky\R4y,HzOJR iM Ƌ*X5DzɆB9KKRL.|$^"G RB R\&-5B m N&)Gȥ6;c 5 T NSimDbg#RfV , :DRJ9@YlX68pc1H"!R1 [Is)4򚣬`R0 ңFv8a~'8O V'pRѴu> Ng]avs3{jd6ӂr(k;gC}XT(yWeF(ϧ:#g ,!3 _a3'f]%ObM >4%alV'١lv?%#%EL~1X'@ʫ6mGs,&=f}/=mF4T*Ma莝? >\uV~'fcK>> ' S7Fc1PM<# !~zENT%i;{wKNi|}@&kyr7>Gsa)V#owns4owZV/wxFn*DRimThHo ѯԺ>yWk5^ZGkAVwg?<}f{ϼ? zMWy`=5DdeQ y<   C ABW f_xUTV<] TW f_xUTV 2xԚ]luܹKjA]Zv8c&N]!@}h+vnxWPEQ?A~y ⇢/EZ#ۑD Ɏ,ْV_>(q%cI.w?3s/)@b̙3g%'FJIc~iC l~gߢ)n:Dq>9 v݁L_)EA<}bl+7gqLM'B]V6?Ye.ȱJ8Iʢއ}atfxibsPDW",lcPGK,1k&zB%D4hE w4k<(1tw Y OTMC- Ш+n]gml  ~#^>ưGD xi$DqwwV̳yDcq ?2cWZ=F涆H2G;!V#O4zDA81ڷ*yDTjЇJǏfa6n?y6Joy٣8,dx18M&5Z=y6,V1o4ŽR2{zbkd Q"-av -*YPL4ϫzKLYP'%>zH Y9Uʚy75S"!i"۾V58Y&9YfM+OL3_v^\3kok;aA6Z4 SW.Wbiʳ48OMPDfFcťz^|hwnvr/mǻ>(N1a óVΘ2tnňls)#ժsF U>,>Cj9CƉ+n[ϔ&GfKWdOgjw`l"7n.5TX޻<.d iƝpg r/\MQj[GC5jLҘPx%w .;Tπ/&%A4D4%:KH-FwIӎ^l~#ٍ4E΋.SK  qh(YH8`$Ӓx"Ra35ij llj t׋]AlvRHN[IA@x5VA "򂬬Wa2 Ye"eFC v4z&X)xJK|e XGy81FByJ HűH-֏O%r1Jd п]ASϹ XP w2?="VXnشȆ-C'ON2:k0Yƽ< cC?˽hʢ׌H5Bzkrnfy[$"O9-L ?ܦ4H~:Ԡoi2An8n i|jIV`4L{aZPe֊@&u>1>OY̋5Wz/8'CaO{<꜎@c>z|m 'wNV>ޛcy{`rr)dtAnKK^z( .pTURl`c`IF158YS~;fhbZKtQN= jb"{W袞1 u"HXkJ\ioӮ jThnCIIjy?뾗㰜\C:c2L3zY꿩u']Gz'HуAPPpv\k=J[2] >p;iX[f mRWM7Qv˩5WEjd$`m^"x7Jhj 5H.sH}q$4i'‰&pI^2~F;H8uhbd033{ ~]4BfQ{_;2`YzY/n5u}L>%x-9sG"vܾ7/nSamJ]9.3\%%,K.Խ*;DD_+p(<.˗G17GWeNbjԁp[Q5d[7Ju #Ziy?&7 )4θ)I'G/5{o¼.xEi |wuwkCO}U +AwR>/1:O~pQ`"].*xx|k,L8X , %lo䘆6\ g)lLO¥ uKVt3ZєѦUvL$VU쇸|VG!j@Q!~%#ۼ()S+&?5x?C)?PvZ)%]Zh*l5 Y;Aݎ[^FA8B/Gc#erY;wWs2==2~Y{^d z3|/U5w,Z*`:ő}.|UAT%^4Z٤05q-Ş@$h[ ?kT  L7#ŅU;uj@'W%PKZ7F BVLɜef//n_LGdλTN~؍s/#o4r!=q:Hs$7 bip\p{v͢y[t(ՊEIŊj/\ǁ0#CFN wVٙb%c>gNqpY+ TiThE˅|synh?Nx<OMr߷'yLޗo8ggZ.`˶᫜Qp;$0$LHP5':gT-!f_#29Hؓlh]>#f;uRJSwI}ڙ\5h܀ڶnqEŮ;.˵#.{./b{m\ՑI^.ι8I'N3LZ$$W=:E ͲWiyF&%t'kdacKWqqۋoq}{HmT#רH !n R*:}ї/*xë@ o)%( *mEԞoSI\J|i;<3{s}C<;;3;x:Y|XN[XkN'+83+YXv6d mxTGP;eSE_h`+)dPtmcISؾA ӶznpR+SVKHU&O mO+\*OٍF~,*_%;S,gU% 3.i5A"6Nt2W q4B205Ŧ^ɫ7)qvzJM$=zh3ąb7kf>q_^Z_~Bb MkaO,`o{fnVQ_:v##ErMŒ`*I gh!I45!M-uL̀[iKXm~hi4\P6$#j:@h|z>|Pܓ6ike䩋lfƪ*iT3TIMvMJ\E2KI|B"ds$>-X{*qcs{q\#hl7 _FޔtE_TP3~SiFRshNXI ;&Ltd0+`z:YvMmqRsVxyu^ hKj POcsCm&l&9ok؊ޥқurWuEm*.䧬ؚpWVvY nA4jʆbt|Hl3r !mh7!pLs;:v7c`_ i#1l8@2E-Α<<6{B-478A{"@gR:ykuC+5 0REA*| v/:䭈sx ZLy(c_HE|x6w9`W0!&y%$K/h.!uvUӚ&>=bB$t*:ty=BQB(`TƚӘw)8O*mtD^n=cSW1Rx!(F=Ҷk""( qN#3p>& i@ J`;+^B*~}@gٯXb.M7$cAH}ChZد:UPÇxlI㑆B9R4` BMP7U/Jݽfn5;nfӍP;,Xʀ~1dHc )!fNb+X8K&MDU1(5hff6X귛V&fD5Ag6rN(k# HU6t;f9Ul \ `#:5i(bAwn @xo_8YS/o x] DXtvDw Ӛ{]#k :+џs vixƇ x:T߂.5DxaPYO¾:?p7.M7P‚ȭ7HILr4&;|ȝ{K9.,;Pp O{SWL.&@@o`}Ԯ^ *yr-5qiM-l"&3Ҏ3B qg5Ii?>"y,B =<(cBMx#݌'yM], _B' !B-s'k] lXMglf_rCK#l*T"ti#ºkH_(| , Ry|<2p`S<ĪL7Kp晩Xe-C/% IWC`#S¡(w $sG((5XE_ES oW/$FcÍ lkNøwS`GDg՝eܗl2}g>zUVoPA㐧N-#O? G0{~~H?[sޯ}سǿwlam<C'a,ЗkӚ?/=^?!Ddu t<  C AB  (dTT2vڎcDZcv%^phHV}h P[a!E>jMvN\%(\GIYIY#Qpnsڇi"@$|w{ΝQ)yKMmc ?=p柈+o~=JWz't ።__sCڇ?&~H!8aP` gVްM76Df 4`"g \ް?[۴%dK6-A,?DXZBGo0ijL3AV'6ɬ#^4R4oLD;olj  -gujZ̘-c[4lwOPˏnj:QgsdK6wtHG^6'S#\ǀ 0wUBr,$o1hϊAnB(^1w yn_]` .gMU{_Y|ˮ"o7u"]]z66x YGuX9'XtU\I'Xf9{iUYQOD.x#wL V}E &YΚzzɽKٱx-iX´iw Y߭>۴Y 69IVO ]v>) lTgh&21,ć1W%&A2A%Ӽ & P[& $k/*:u>@j-1Ğ掩@>WuRk$-ZF#Z+`P[ђdO4=f:K=L`=k]FwX qͺLz=c}vF|0v/)dK@f|B0x[CϢS:r)$־|6GldV!,֬iY{td`*r*^zh &Y$xVXEfoy,8uc PO2q&MðiƜ|1>IG1϶M8Ia(ٸa)k;O:W:I4d\|ӓJiI^[|@N2χ18k^ %UIa֌9#քjXR +,v kzMCl {3A?ry\i &ɦ;G{]ai{$L:d@Nr~FE'qDƜqRCz-/Eۖ'{ upQHIe4yDbghNhg,#lQFS|rJ[9IMl8O xV((:wʡaT^zCȠ]&aO=Y5/ஃp``i`'?ڱ8ZV)p[r dWU9[8^a5P䥴jXq^aoQ䀻RmDJbOp엙ϴl?2+8C`b}`hDVNֲcB1[s2/dh>2{HjQV<A<{C| (yo8Y sLG<֡TGyn& এNHUgNG[9;o/^げ:ZvF.xHCnuQE䖂B'FB'jG93G{9H31)ʥ_+%?qD &*m;~|sI`"K ^oDwb;n AʵkP]ϒ<&fCTn*а~9ڣ\#4bi,jxF *2yM@ 1)< 9Wu[3Gu"Ifor=\#ش[܆3UW۩  > xj N;NJﶆI2w]3GCo~*8/mpr3_}Xj-3آ) Yulgõp)WQxąMb69FʅW\A?Q\)op jBuDa'ݵpoP|WrW2CS┨*yF'v)Wh-3!p՗xS-XpEUnpYqpD\rq',9}_p9XR$`JjkNS rW2|'jy3K@^LKlU H Y[C^ ?rrTxBNmKC$J򺜿V1˘ן3L웥aEFNC:3w똜~.,# <Qvr',c FJ~%N4)vbx{kn ĉ06e}UBTP)*P=sμtTU^|.|#gJ) e2rg [\Ȅ*d@7x9wg/3Bmpf_VZ$cz RrRvgb봎g=~g!y Fi8Fy!ү8H8G/Qzo#"&e5 ^cm_y5֣=}㴻9Cs,:*W,ءEl6nr?H0EDw'9=[):24< 7 ;!E/`sJT17S;m촤\R| 41`Q4K!}+"lB,XY 6J`*9mlw9^]vɃa}+Dɻ\{|G]mev媬:pVV0p` wm3WCot^☠lk]cgT*k1em]b:q\Q) Z?& ɗ{ur ;{2G\@"үqe>3YMߜ\WC\@y1"D.:BMd; qUV;MҠ3 /{/!pB0pm~~O5.%&e5OMpiNfJt0㿮z| bQe_њ4ZqDNepssESYuxF<-| -·9/>PGuiRR;'9S iI{t!Jj}4[\O}#X+\Lj}hjb7L:>RX{C;<iv}x>}^ph]1nHptƣ]=W!na@|$3nIE2,`_m` eiWCe >js/QN32J/ᥒ"t_4 {FN4`$$?/'Qx Jg*C$" Y8i|oqOS$:$2FJ 5O 5+_b%"Ҏ)' Nd)jc lHpJH Vv)x {`ifӝڵtJ, U#͉wl$>]Gh\PhzⓊ!ZXwAz4UD\y )Z?Vo 4޿a,C2#>^\c :AoW8)3T+ު-#MKj7I".H=`4I O-oE*ZtYJX]x1PSlLTds$EsoEK{?)7"ߘ vZT~2p)=-%Ky|U"N7A4;HCI5}t@T(/ty>yfIL6H| v](=e#"r!:22J%˖)PB<ɏ9 Bv/ae>SFo6i5LPF6o\qyrL#K1Ǝ6@T|i}|-KKWgC('B1VwL7B|J|&^R=5üFkgNJW<-nXdGe".iVrOn/_r/S)_ cBv?hq 63"4JL+G4ekQ>mȧv+7IT]> N=D7>K((xKK>~aG8ȅ,>,o[Ft9 &ߖ.<0䫵JUm3 833M(;bza|[{8p $b vxA5"q3$s}1vTe;{nY"]{gD"n5$ &6;Syh|a_>VoFTZHl$4Bv@+;?sm~9ߙ9cUyWs`x`] Ґ1f> RVGu:~V& _lƃvꉂB/i Yվ[c|oRi+3hC{U?8Z{7)%g̙blJ^TV^:@˵(jn6Yz#68fݰQ72-Pys /#bH&9SsgǾ6I_h9ZCⳋ/{]͙UIγw8qW5zgvnɠb㼚TceJk'j38Rz yQyu*'K~velԲYԨ:5hu&x41͟9 b[NʜumPș{ tIDQV-["9֐Fx:Y‚Q-KU{r/4)곤 +$f|Cr_$Q4Nzn2(,>LZcWdOv ba"wzԱϵj%\y<G8Ǐiʭ[?'4r7zxljy@Rb MA*hh 1 @STM XH랖d)$;TQ}^.a.9-#UeXe[k olܒq2g};Wewao`' ֶb~m[ PNdչUlJ><87Lu-Yϳ9t1ݷqDKLkSp^wӡ%3PD4So"q|ղFЙL:C,4Ym (\,*UJцRlTn´^(iJ.UlXCDq$Z_xa+{/MPHY8JG`I-rYa5<r\Ѫ;qT!E҅:O&e+VIV"b}@X&_E@nu9Sݢ6ȴ1G*yE^,',2>0G֣3K'~/ yLbQҥ׉LGydu{M Ɖm;݀1FcJ< w2f¨ <c(>a=UR']H pYa#gi XRG5 ] aNKiOO-4dJu"]ו1)XEL/  5p@ P !$`'0*-/2p5CJOJQJkH'6,1,!!!!!!6! -.&DDDHLj  7ge   8@0(  B S  ? John Shervais?Home Boy/zip:CLASSES:Geol 326:G326_Lecture Notes:326Week3_Phase John Shervais<Mephisto:CLASSES:Geol 326:G326_Lecture Notes:326Week3_Phase1 John Shervais<Mephisto:CLASSES:Geol 326:G326_Lecture Notes:326Week3_Phase1 John Shervais.Mephisto:CLASSES:Geol 4500 USU:326Week3_Phase1@^^ $^^p@GTimes New Roman5Symbol3 ArialMMNew Century Schlbk7Courier98fXbNew York5 Geneva!3If3If !+0 326Week3APetology Lectures - Week 3JOHN W. SHERVAIS John ShervaisV~ZT2ʊ TffYUV m43 U)S=9#K8!}y5Fw( 7X J wh A)m:OQt삁ѡ ]ǏH:1Qm ' ,R˰Y$I ]%T "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} Oh+'0 $ @ L Xdlt|' 326Week3A Petology Lectures - Week 30JOHN W. SHERVAIS - OHNNormal John ShervaisIS4hnMicrosoft Word 8.0 @V@T+J@L  #&),/258;>ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} ՜.+,D՜.+,D hp  'Univ South Carolina:  326Week3A Title 6> _PID_GUID'AN{C414FE04-8405-11D4-A6ED-003065182BBA} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz}  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdeghijklmopqrstuwxyz{|}Root Entry?@ABCDEFGH FRS4lXData\]^_`abcdefgh mnopqrstuNx1Table}~fWordDocumentZ,SummaryInformation(nDocumentSummaryInformation8vCompObj X !"#$%&'(-./012345678 FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz} "%(+.147:=@CFILORUX[^adgjmpsvy| !$'*-0369ADGJMPSVY\_behknqtwz}