Chapter 40
RULE 1: Only unus, duo, tres
and the plural of mille decline. All other numbers are indeclinable.
RULE 2: The Partitive Genitive is used with milia,
superlatives, words designating a part and special pronouns and adjectives;
see Wheelock, page 192 (middle).
RULE 3: Ex/De (+ the ablative) is
used with all numbers, except quidam and the plural of the
mille.
I. Grammar
A. Numbers
At this late point in the class, it seems pointless to memorize all the
Latin cardinals and ordinals. Moreover, numbers seldom show up in classical
Roman authors so it is necessary only to be generally familiar with how
they are formed. Thus, you will be required to know the cardinal numbers
1-10, 20, 100 and 1000 and the first ten ordinals (page 384).
B. The Genitive of the Whole or the Partitive Genitive
Besides possession, the genitive case can also designate the whole to
which a part belongs. When it does, it is called the "Partitive Genitive"
(or "Genitive of the Whole"). This construction is used commonly
with milia, superlatives, words denoting a part or section (plus,
pars, satis, nemo), and certain pronouns and
adjectives implying partition (quid, aliquid, nihil,
multum). Only milia, quidam and numbers under
2000 do not regularly take a partitive genitive; instead, they use ab
or ex plus the ablative.
C. Supplementary Syntax (pp. 374-379)
In order to prepare you for reading the works of ancient authors, we
must review certain constructions which Wheelock includes in the Supplementary
Syntax (pp. 374-379): the genitives of material and description, and the
ablatives of specification, cause and degree of difference. While these
constructions will not appear on the tests for this class, they
will be instrumental in translating actual Latin.
D. Reading for Test 4
In reviewing for Test 4, we will read together in class a passage of
classical Latin. As with the passage on the previous test, you will be
expected to prepare the assignment as homework prior to our in-class translation
of the text. All vocabulary is included in the notes attached to the passage
or in the vocabulary at the back of Wheelock. Questions about the translation
and grammar of this passage will appear as part of Test
4.
Click here for a downloadable
version of that text.
II. Vocabulary
[Click here for a
complete list of all words (Chapters 1-40) which you are responsible for
knowing in this class. Use this list to help consolidate your understanding
of Latin vocabulary. Click here
for a printable version of that vocabulary list.]
iustus: = *ius- "law" +
-t- (the adjective-forming suffix).
tot: A sign word of a result clause; see Chapter
29.
III. Quiz 7. Quiz 7 will
have three parts.
| I. |
Verb Forms. Translate 5 verbs. Indicate mood and
grammatical expectation. (15 points) |
| II. |
Grammatical Constructions. 5 sentences. Identify
the type of construction indicated in each Latin sentence. (10 points) |
| III. |
Vocabulary from Chapters 38-40. (25 points) |
IV. Review for Test 4
| Test 4: Review
____________________________________
NOMEN TUUM
I. VERB FORMS. (1) Translate the following verb
forms. (2) Indicate mood to the side. (3) Tell whether the verb
form will take a(n):
NOMINATIVE PREDICATE (NOM)
DATIVE OBJECT (DAT)
ACCUSATIVE OBJECT (ACC)
ABLATIVE (ABL)
PERSONAL AGENT (PA).
If a verb form does not take any object or predicate, say NONE.
(30 pts.)
1. mirantium
2. ignosce
3. fit
4. iit
5. contulerim
6 . egredere
7. vitaremus
8. iturum esse
9. hortati
10. redeatis
II. CONSTRUCTIONS. In the space below give the
name of the construction in bold in each sentence. For conditions,
give the type of condition. (20 pts.)
| 1. |
Romam venit philosophiae
discendae causâ.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 2. |
Litteris multas horas studuerunt.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 3. |
Si pecuniam amavisti, sapientiâ
caruisti.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 4. |
At nemo erat qui istum hominem turpem
defenderet.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 5. |
Rogant ubi dux sit.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 6. |
Si consul abibit, mortem
metuemus.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 7. |
Omnes ut veniret hortatus
est.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 8. |
Romani contra milia militum
pugnabant.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 9. |
Cum se eis parsurum esse
dicerent, tamen multos interfecit.
__________________________________________________________________________
|
| 10. |
Qui interficiendo valeant,
morientur.
__________________________________________________________________________ |
III. SENTENCES. Translate the following sentences
into English and answer the grammar questions appended. (25 pts.)
1. Decem ex ducibus hostium Athenis abierunt ad
alios Graecos iuvandos.
| What case is Athenis and why? |
______________________________________ |
| What construction is ad alios Graecos iuvandos? |
______________________________________ |
2. Eôdem tempore opus est nobis(1)
ferre iniurias aliorum ut nobis(2) nocentibus parcant.
| What case is tempore
and why? |
__________________________________________________ |
| What case is nobis(1) and why? |
__________________________________________________ |
| What case is nobis(2) and why? |
__________________________________________________ |
| What mood is parcant and why? |
__________________________________________________ |
IV. In the last part of this test, you will be given
a passage to translate from the readings we have covered in class.
Click here for a link to that reading.
There will be grammar questions pertaining to the passage. (25 pts.)
**************************************************************************
ANSWERS
| I. |
PART |
1. (of those) wondering: present
active participle |
ACC |
| |
IMP |
2. forgive! (present imperative) |
DAT |
| |
IND |
3. it becomes/is made (present indicative,
3 s.) |
NOM |
| |
IND |
4. he went (perfect indicative, 3 s.) |
NONE |
| |
S |
5. I have compared (perfect subjunctive active,
1 s.) |
ACC |
| |
IMP |
6. go out! (present imperative) |
NONE |
| |
S |
7. we avoided (imperfect subjunctive, 1 pl.) |
ACC |
| |
INF |
8. to be about to go (future infinitive) |
NONE |
| |
PART |
9. having urged (ppp. of deponent verb) |
ACC |
| |
S |
10. y'all go away (present subjunctive, 2
pl.) |
NONE |
II. |
1. Gerundive Purpose |
|
2. Accusative of (Duration of) Time |
|
3. Simple Fact Past (condition) |
|
4. Relative Clause of Characteristic |
| |
5. Indirect Question |
| |
6. Future More Vivid (condition) |
| |
7. Indirect Command |
| |
8. Partitive Genitive |
| |
9. Indirect Statement |
| |
10. Ablative of Means (with gerund) |
III. 1. Ten of (lit. "from") the leaders
of the enemy left [from] Athens to help the other Greeks.
Athenis: ablative, place from which (motion from)
ad alios Graecos iuvandos: gerundive purpose construction
2. At the same time it is necessary for us to suffer/endure the
injuries of others in order that they be lenient to us when we do
harm (lit. "doing harm").
tempore: ablative of point in time
nobis(1): dative, with opus est
nobis(2): dative, object of parco
parcant: subjunctive, purpose clause |
|
