Equality Research Methods
Background
Each year, typically in August, WalletHub releases a report on the “Best & Worst States for Women’s Equality”. Each of the 50 states is ranked by comparing the disparities between men and women across 17 key indicators of women’s equality in the areas of workplace environment, education and health, and political empowerment. States received points based on their levels of equality for each indicator, which are totaled to a score out of 100. These total scores for each state are compared to provide a ranking out of 50 (1st being the best ranking).
Since 2015, Utah has ranked 50th. Therefore, in 2021, the UWLP provided an in-depth follow-up report about WalletHub's findings from that year: Women’s Equality in Utah: Why Utah Is Ranked as the Worst State, and What Can Be Done. This investigation replicated the WalletHub scores and evaluated which factors contributed to low scores for women’s equality in Utah. Replication was conducted by locating the original data sources then reverse engineering the WalletHub calculations. Several indicators were not perfectly replicated, though the UWLP also found Utah to rank 50th overall in women’s equality. Explanations for the Utah score on each indicator were then provided alongside a recommendation for how to increase the state score.
Full Research Paper and Team
The interactive dashboards were originally a visual representation of the data and findings from the 2021 UWLP report authored by Susan R. Madsen & Greg P. Madsen and commissioned by Zions Bank. The dashboards have since been updated to reflect the most recent data for each indicator and will continue to be updated annually. Note that published data for many indicators lag a year or more behind the current year.
Supplementary data visualizations were built by the UWLP Analytics Solution Center (ASC) team. Members included: Polly Conrad, Lianne Wappett, Carly Fox, Abby Jensen, Madison Sperry, Brianna Brown, Hannah Davies, Anders Gilvear, and Kennedy Marshall. Since 2021, additional ASC students have worked on this project: Quinn Gerber and Kylee Zimmerman.
Sources
Data used in the Women's Equality Report and supplemental data used in dashboard visualizations, organized by indicator metric.- Indicator 1 — Income Disparity
- Indicator 2 — Higher Income Disparity
- Indicator 3 — Disparity in Share of Executive Positions
- Indicator 4 — Disparity in Share of Minimum-Wage Workers
- National Women’s Law Center. (2021). Women and the minimum wage, state by state
- U.S. Department of Labor. (2022). Changes in Basic Minimum Wages in Non-Farm Employment Under State Law: Selected Years 1968 to 2021
- U.S. Census Bureau (2010-2021). Earnings in the past 12 months (in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars)
- Indicator 5 — Unemployment Rate Disparity
- Indicator 6 — Entrepreneurship Rate Disparity
- Indicator 7 — Disparity in Average Number of Work Hours
- Indicator 8 — Job Security Disparity
- Indicator 9 — Economic Security Disparity
- Indicator 10 — Disparity in Poverty Rate
- Indicator 11 — Disparity in Advanced Educational Attainment
- Indicator 12 — Disparity in Math Test Scores
- Indicator 13 — Disparity in Doctor Visit Affordability
- Indicator 14 — Disparity in Share of Lawmakers in U.S. House of Representatives
- Indicator 15 — Disparity in Share of Lawmakers in U.S. Senate
- Indicator 16 — Disparity in Share of Lawmakers in State Legislature
- Indicator 17 — Disparity in Share of State-Elected Executives